While varieties of football have been played in Spain as far back as Roman times, sport in Spain has been dominated by football since the early 20th century. The most popular traditional musical instrument, the guitar, originated in Spain. [183] Since 2000, Spain has experienced high population growth as a result of immigration flows, despite a birth rate that is only half the replacement level. [37] The first recorded Viking raid on Iberia took place in 844; it ended in failure with many Vikings killed by the Galicians' ballistas; and seventy of the Vikings' longships captured on the beach and burned by the troops of King Ramiro I of Asturias. US Cold War strategic priorities included the dissemination of American educational ideas to foster modernization and expansion. Contents show The two main ones are Ceuta and Melilla, which are coastal territories connected to Morocco. Overseas Countries and Territories - International Partnerships European influences include Italy, Germany and France, especially during the Renaissance, Spanish Baroque and Neoclassical periods. From day one the United States has included both states and territories, with the territories treated differently. [224] Spanish art, architecture, cuisine, and music have been shaped by successive waves of foreign invaders, as well as by the country's Mediterranean climate and geography. The Byzantines established an occidental province, Spania, in the south, with the intention of reviving Roman rule throughout Iberia. It is a major advanced capitalist economy,[20] with the world's sixteenth-largest economy by nominal GDP (fourth of the European Union) and the sixteenth-largest by PPP. The SpanishAmerican War was fought in the spring of 1898 and resulted in Spain losing the last of its once vast colonial empire outside of North Africa. The British possessions include the British Virgin Islands, Anguilla, the Cayman Islands, Montserrat, and the Turks and Caicos Islands (Bermuda is outside of the Caribbean). How the US has hidden its empire | US news | The Guardian These islands are specifically mentioned by the Spanish Constitution, when fixing its Senatorial representation (Ibiza and Formentera are grouped, as they together form the Pityusic islands, part of the Balearic archipelago). In the Basque Country, moderate Basque nationalism coexisted with a radical nationalist movement led by the armed organisation ETA until the latter's dissolution in May 2018. [127], Catalonia, Galicia and the Basque Country, which identified themselves as nationalities, were granted self-government through a rapid process. [187] There are a number of reasons for the high level of immigration, including Spain's cultural ties with Latin America, its geographical position, the porosity of its borders, the large size of its underground economy and the strength of the agricultural and construction sectors, which demand more low cost labour than can be offered by the national workforce. Modern humans first arrived in Iberia from the north on foot about 35,000 years ago. Land borders Superlatives The Iberians inhabited the Mediterranean side of the peninsula. Datos provisionales", "Immigrants Fuel Europe's Civilization Clash", "Spanish youth clash with immigrant gangs", "Spain grants amnesty to 700,000 migrants", Spain's Jobs Crisis Leaves Immigrants Out of Work, "The Smooth Transition: Spain's 1978 Constitution and the Nationalities Question", "Spain, a plurilingual state: Spanish and other official languages", "A contribucin da inmigracin ao multilingismo do Estado espaol", "Educacin Primaria Ministerio de Educacin y Formacin Profesional", "Educacin Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO)Ministerio de Educacin y Formacin Profesional", "BachilleratoMinisterio de Educacin y Formacin Profesional", "La Formacin Profesional actual en el sistema educativo TodoFPMinisterio de Educacin y Formacin Profesional", "The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA): Spain", "Macrobarmetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos", "Federacin de Entidades Religiosas Evanglicas de Espaa FEREDE", "Los musulmanes en Espaa superan por primera vez los 2 millones de personas", "Beyond Bullfights and Sangria: Five Centuries of Spanish History through Its Music, Art, and Literature - UC San Diego Extension", "Spain, main reference for world's Hispanic heritage", "Literatura hispanorromance primigenia: la glosa conoajutorio del Codex Aemilianensis 60", Pontificia Universidad Catlica Argentina Santa Mara de los Buenos Aires, "The spread of Castilian/Spanish in Spain and the Americas: A relatively successful language standardisation experience", "La extensin del Romanticismo en Espaa", "La 'Edad de Plata' (1868-1936) y las generaciones de la Edad de Plata: cultura y filologa", "Genesis problem of philosophical thought in spanish historiography", "10 Most Famous Paintings by Diego Velazquez | Learnodo Newtonic", "Recordando la historia del cine espaol", "El Festival de San Sebastin y el de Mlaga, entre las diez iniciativas culturales ms importantes de Espaa en 2021", "Music Festivals, UK Festivals and London Festivals", "The world's most expensive ham is from Huelva and costs 4,100 a leg", "Acuerdo entre el Reino de Espaa y Nueva Zelanda sobre participacin en determinadas elecciones de los nacionales de cada pas residentes en el territorio del otro, hecho en Wellington el 23 de junio de 2009", autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spain&oldid=1166941022, Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, States and territories established in 1715, States and territories established in 1978, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Catalan-language text, Articles containing Galician-language text, Articles containing Occitan (post 1500)-language text, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles with failed verification from January 2016, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Phoenician-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2022, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, Note: most of Spain observes CET/CEST, except the, Callaghan O.F Joseph. The heavy losses suffered by the colonial troops in conflicts in northern Morocco against Riffians forces brought discredit to the government and undermined the monarchy. In the early eighth century, most of the peninsula was conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate, and during early Islamic rule, Al-Andalus became a dominant peninsular power centered in Crdoba. [vague], Spain has maintained its special relations with Hispanic America and the Philippines. A series of Viking incursions raided the coasts of the Iberian Peninsula in the 9th and 10th centuries. Spain was in 2021 responsible for 0.87% of cumulative global emissions. However, borders along lakes, rivers, and other internal waters are considered land borders for the purposes of this article. As the western empire disintegrated, the social and economic base became greatly simplified; the successor regimes maintained many of the institutions and laws of the late empire, including Christianity and assimilation into the evolving Roman culture. Although nowhere near as popular as Spain, we find Germany in second place. There are many festivals and festivities in Spain. 121164, Roman conquest and colonization of the peninsula, Receding of Western Roman imperial authority, independence of most of its American colonies, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, retroversion of the sovereignty to the people, 1932 failed coup d'tat led by Jos Sanjurjo, under the authority of the Republican government, Falange Espaola Tradicionalista y de las JONS, Spanish society after the democratic transition, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientficas, the longest high-speed rail network in Europe, List of Spanish autonomous communities by population, Programme for International Student Assessment, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Fiestas of International Tourist Interest of Spain, Fiestas of National Tourist Interest of Spain, "Real Decreto 1560/1997, de 10 de octubre, por el que se regula el Himno Nacional", "Cifras de Poblacin (CP) a 1 de julio de 2022 Estadstica de Migraciones (EM). Spain aims to put onemillion electric cars on the road by 2014 as part of the government's plan to save energy and boost energy efficiency. In 1986 Spain joined the European Economic Community, which later became the European Union. [110][111][112] Another dispute surrounds the Savage Islands; Spain claims that they are rocks rather than islands, and therefore does not accept the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone (200 nautical miles) generated by the islands. [119] Military conscription was suppressed in 2001. Spain is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, the Eurozone, the Council of Europe (CoE), de facto member of the G20, the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI), the Union for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and many other international organisations. The fourth military authority of the State is the Chief of the Defence Staff (JEMAD). Franco's rule was also characterised by authoritarianism, promotion of a unitary national identity, National Catholicism, and discriminatory language policies. Territories Map: The United States of America holds claim to 16 territories outside of the United States. [143] By 2008 the automobile industry was the 2nd most exported industry[145] while in 2015 about 80% of the total production was for export. Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy,[19] with King Felipe VI as head of state. Spain also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean and a number of uninhabited islands on the Mediterranean side of the Strait of Gibraltar, known as plazas de soberana ("places of sovereignty", or territories under Spanish sovereignty), such as the Chafarinas Islands and Alhucemas. [230] The Romance variety preferred in Eastern Iberia for lyrical poetry, Occitan, became increasingly Catalanised in the 14th and 15th centuries. Spain's EU membership represents an important part of its foreign policy. [167][168] As of 2019, Spain has a total of over 3,400km (2,112.66mi) of high-speed tracks[169] linking Mlaga, Seville, Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Valladolid, with the trains operated at commercial speeds up to 310km/h (190mph). Food is traditionally preserved by salting, such as Spanish ham, or immersed in olive oil, such as Manchego cheese. The Overseas Territories: An introduction and relations with the UK Only two communitiesthe Basque Country and Navarrehave full fiscal autonomy. In 1962, a group of politicians involved in the opposition to Franco's regime inside the country and in exile met in the congress of the European Movement in Munich, where they made a resolution in favour of democracy.[68][69][70]. Government talks with ETA happened, and the group announced its permanent cease of violence in 2010. Other notable sculptors were Bartolom Ordez, Diego de Silo, Juan de Juni and Damin Forment. World Health Organisation, World Health Staff, (2000), Haden, Angela; Campanini, Barbara, eds., The world health report 2000 Health systems: improving performance (PDF), Geneva: World Health Organisation, Paloma Aguilar, Carsten Humlebk, "Collective Memory and National Identity in the Spanish Democracy: The Legacies of Francoism and the Civil War", History & Memory, 1 April 2002, pag. [178], In 2008, Spain granted citizenship to 84,170 persons, mostly to people from Ecuador, Colombia and Morocco. [143] German companies poured 4.8 billion into Spain in 2015, making the country the second-largest destination for German foreign direct investment behind only the U.S. In the 1830s and 1840s, Carlism (a reactionary legitimist movement supportive of an alternative Bourbon branch), fought against the government forces supportive of Queen Isabella II's dynastic rights in the Carlist Wars. In 2019, the population of Spain officially reached 47million people, as recorded by the Padrn municipal (Spain's Municipal Register). Overseas Territories, Dependent Areas, and Disputed Territories Europe's overseas territories: What you need to know Other communities have more limited forces or none at all, like the Polica Autnoma Andaluza[132] in Andalusia or the BESCAM in Madrid. In 1895 and 1896 the Cuban War of Independence and the Philippine Revolution broke out and eventually the United States became involved. 4 Does Spain still have any overseas territories? [21] There have been a number of accounts and hypotheses about its origin: Hispania may also derive from the poetic use of the term Hesperia, reflecting the Greek perception of Italy as a "western land" or "land of the setting sun" (Hesperia, in Greek) and Spain, being still further west, as Hesperia ultima. Spain's capital and largest city is Madrid; other major urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Zaragoza, Seville, Mlaga, Murcia, Palma de Mallorca, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and Bilbao. 2 Al-Andalus", "The rise and decline of European parliaments, 1188-17891", "Chapter 4 Granada and Its International Contacts", "Spanish Inquisition left genetic legacy in Iberia", "A Country Study: Spain The Golden Age", "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the various common definitions of Europe, geographical or political. 1 parte: entorno fsico y medio ambiente", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022", "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income EU-SILC survey", "Spain | Facts, Culture, History, & Points of Interest", https://explora.globalpresence.realinstitutoelcano.org/en/country/iepg/global/ES/ES/2021, https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/consejodeministros/resumenes/Documents/2021/270421-foreigh_action_strategy_2021-2024.pdf, "Global Soft Power Summit 2021 | Event | Brand Finance", https://www.wimdu.co.uk/blog/discover-popular-erasmus-destinations, "572 millones de personas hablan espaol, cinco millones ms que hace un ao, y aumentarn a 754 millones a mediados de siglo", "Number of the Week: $10.2 Trillion in Global Borrowing", "Rabbits, fish and mice, but no rock hyrax", "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. Pitcairn is the populated Territory with the smallest population of 40 people, while the Cayman Islands and Bermuda have the largest populations of around 65,000. The construct pertaining a distinctive Spanish philosophical thought has been variously approached by academia, either by diachronically tracing its development throughout the centuries from the Roman conquest of Hispania on (with early representatives such as Seneca, Trajan, Lucan, or Martial); by pinpointing its origins to the late 19th century (associated to the Generation of 98); or simply by outright denying its existence. [232] Famous Early Modern works include La Celestina and Lazarillo de Tormes. [126] The autonomous communities were to comprise adjacent provinces with common historical, cultural, and economic traits. Archaeological research at Atapuerca indicates the Iberian Peninsula was populated by hominids 1.2million years ago. The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936: on 17 and 18 July, part of the military carried out a coup d'tat that triumphed in only part of the country. Inner Spain Castile hot, thick soups such as the bread and garlic-based Castilian soup, along with substantial stews such as cocido madrileo. [254] The Vitoria-Gasteiz jazz festival is one of the main ones in its genre. With the approval of the new Spanish Constitution of 1978 and the restoration of democracy, the State devolved much authority to the regions and created an internal organisation based on autonomous communities. U.S. Territorial Acquisitions Contents show The two main ones are Ceuta and Melilla, which are coastal territories connected to Morocco. The French occupation of Mainland Spain created an opportunity for overseas criollo elites who resented the privilege towards Peninsular elites and demanded retroversion of the sovereignty to the people. Due to historical, geographical and generational diversity, Spanish art has known a great number of influences. The Spanish conquistadores and colonial empire - Khan Academy [2][3] Based on such a commonly used division of the continents, the transcontinental countries of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey have territory in both Asia and Europe. Also, the lightly cured lacn ham. Industrialisation, the development of railways and incipient capitalism developed in several areas of the country, particularly in Barcelona, as well as Labour movement and socialist and anarchist ideas. They were created after the current constitution came into effect (in 1978) in recognition of the right to self-government of the "nationalities and regions of Spain". When did the British Empire begin? The so-called Age of Discovery featured explorations by sea and by land, the opening-up of new trade routes across oceans, conquests and the beginnings of European colonialism. [153][154][155] On 9 November 2010, wind energy reached a historic peak covering 53% of mainland electricity demand[156] and generating an amount of energy that is equivalent to that of 14 nuclear reactors. Foreign Countries 2023 - World Population Review Definition [ edit] Organized territories are lands under federal sovereignty (but not part of any state or the federal district) which were given a measure of self-governance by Congress through an organic act subject to the Congress's plenary powers under the territorial clause of the Constitution's Article Four, section 3. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has approximately 46,000 adherents in 133 congregations. [14][15][16] As a reflection of its large cultural wealth, Spain has one of the world's largest numbers of World Heritage Sites, It's the world's second-most visited country and the most popular destination for Erasmus students. New cultural movements based on freedom appeared, like La Movida Madrilea. in Europe(green &dark grey)in the European Union(green). Which Countries Have The Most Overseas Territories? Spain landmarks You asked: Does Spain have any overseas territories? These Spanish territories are a thorn in Morocco's side. Spain includes different phytogeographic regions, each with its own floral characteristics resulting largely from the interaction of climate, topography, soil type and fire, and biotic factors. 286,541. . 6 Do they speak Spanish in Morocco? Gift. In Spain there are over forty professional orchestras, including the Orquestra Simfnica de Barcelona, Orquesta Nacional de Espaa and the Orquesta Sinfnica de Madrid. The Meseta Central (often translated as 'Inner Plateau') is a vast plateau in the heart of peninsular Spain split in two by the Sistema Central. Autonomous communities are divided into provinces, which served as their territorial building blocks. Catalanism and Vasquism, alongside other nationalisms and regionalisms in Spain, arose in that period: the Basque Nationalist Party formed in 1895 and Regionalist League of Catalonia in 1901. In the field of classical music, Spain has produced a number of noted composers such as Isaac Albniz, Manuel de Falla and Enrique Granados and singers and performers such as Plcido Domingo, Jos Carreras, Montserrat Caball, Alicia de Larrocha, Alfredo Kraus, Pablo Casals, Ricardo Vies, Jos Iturbi, Pablo de Sarasate, Jordi Savall and Teresa Berganza. Only a small area in the mountainous north of the peninsula stood out of the territory seized during the initial invasion. Real Madrid CF and FC Barcelona are two of the most successful football clubs in the world. In these cases, the administrative institutions of the province are replaced by the governmental institutions of the community. by Daniel Immerwahr Fri 15 Feb 2019 01.00 EST Last modified on Mon 4 Mar 2019 07.00 EST T here aren't many historical episodes more firmly lodged in the United States's national memory than the. After the birth rate plunged in the 1980s and Spain's population growth rate dropped, the population again trended upward initially upon the return of many Spaniards who had emigrated to other European countries during the 1970s, and more recently, fuelled by large numbers of immigrants who make up 12% of the population. Greenland, for example, has socio-political connections with Europe and is part of the Kingdom of Denmark but is located closer to the continent of North America and is usually grouped with that continent. The leading country of the Age of Discovery, Spain began the conquest of the New World in 1492, made the first circumnavigation of the globe in 1522, and eventually controlled vast portions of the Americas, parts of Africa, various territories in Asia and Oceania, as well as territory in other parts of Europe, giving rise to the Spanish Empire, the first empire, in conjuntion with the portuguese, to achieve a global scale and one of the largest empires in history. Several cities were founded along the coast by Phoenicians, and trading outposts and colonies were established by Greeks in the East. United States territorial acquisitions - Ballotpedia They are governed largely by military laws, and not by the political structures in place for commonwealths and territories. Overseas Territories of the United Kingdom - ThoughtCo [193] Spanishfeatured in the 1978 Spanish Constitution as castellano ('Castilian')has effectively been the official language of the entire country since 1931. With the restoration of democracy under the Constitution of Spain and its entry into the European Union, the country experienced an economic boom that profoundly transformed it socially and politically. Agricultural production increased with the introduction of irrigation projects, some of which remain in use. [60] It met as one body, and its members represented the entire Spanish empire. On the other hand, it is also during the Second Republic when important reforms to modernize the country were initiated: a democratic constitution, agrarian reform, restructuring of the army, political decentralization and women's right to vote. On the northeast, along the Pyrenees mountain range, it is bordered by France and Andorra. The Protestant Reformation increased Spain's involvement in religiously charged wars, forcing ever-expanding military efforts across Europe and in the Mediterranean. Since the Siglo de Oro, a period of flourishing in arts in Spain coinciding with the political rise of the Spanish Empire under the Catholic Monarchs and the Spanish Habsburgs, the Spanish art, architecture, music, literature, and cuisine have been influential worldwide, particularly in Western Europe and the Americas. The executive branch consists of a Council of Ministers presided over by the Prime Minister, who is nominated as candidate by the monarch after holding consultations with representatives from the different parliamentary groups, voted in by the members of the lower house during an investiture session and then formally appointed by the monarch.